Captain Johan Kock (4 June 1861 – 13 April 1915) was a Finnish soldier who had been decommissioned from the Finnish army in Viipuri in 1897. Kock was a revolutionary who was the leader of the Finnish Red Guards from 1905 to 1906.
He was born in Helsinki. In 1900 Kock was a reporter in Viipuri. He organised routes to smuggle revolutionary writings from Sweden via Finland to Russia. In 1905 during the general strike the academic society and labour protested together against the Russian czar. Kock became the leader of the national guard during the strike. Kock gained the support and trust of the general governor Ivan Obolensky. Nevertheless, Obolensky negotiated with the Constitutionals how to solve the strike by political means. The Acamedic society couldn't accept Kock's leadership: university students and polytechniques split off, founding their own organisation under the leaership of Gösta Thörsleff.
The Constitutionals wanted to end the srike on 5 November, but the Red Guards to continue. Kock, who supported the strike, attended the negotiations to end the strike. The strike ended on 6 November, and on the next day Kock pulled his troops from the Helsinki police stations.
Kock took part in the Viapori Rebellion in 1906 in the Suomenlinna fortress. When the rebellion failed, Kock fled the country among with other activists to Sweden and from there to England before moving to the United States. He died in 1915 in Bunker Hill Township, Massachusetts.